Autoeficácia e bem-estar subjetivo docente

Abstract

New constructs in education have been investigated in order to increase the theoretical knowledge and enable the demonstration of new perspectives of interventions. Thus, research on topics related to subjective aspects in the educational processes has proven to be relevant. For this dissertation, the main interest is on the subjective well-being, and self-efficacy of teachers. The work is structured in three studies, where the first presents a survey of scientific production indexed in national periodicals from 2005 to 2015, which contemplated the self-efficacy teaching theme. For the collection of material, the electronic databases of Journal of Higher Education Personnel Improvement Coordination (CAPES) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) were used. The literature search allowed six articles, a dissertation and two theses to be retrieved. The contents were analysed and organized into three categories of analysis: evaluation of self-efficacy through psychometric instruments, associations between job satisfaction and self-efficacy and the importance of understanding the self-efficacy beliefs. Overall, the analysis of the publications has highlighted that the interferences of self-efficacy in teaching practices and professional development of the teacher are very significant. The goal of the second study was to evaluate the self-efficacy levels and subjective well-being in ten teachers, from 5th to 9th grades, of elementary education at a public school located in the West of Sao Paulo state. The instruments used were scales of teaching self-efficacy and the scale of positive and negative effects of Zanon (EAZ). The results showed that regarding the self-efficacy the indices have proved to be significant in relation to the intention of teaching activity (M = 53.8) and to the classroom management (M = 36.9) Regarding the EAZ indexes the teachers showed to present more positive effect (M = 37.2) than negative effect (M = 28.0). From the Tukey test, it was found that the positive effect and class management were grouped, suggesting indications of correlations between these variables. However, teaching intentionality and negatives effects did not correlate with any other factor. In the third study from the fundamentals of cognitive social theory, self-efficacy was described as a condition for the teachers to put effort, seek new teaching strategies and to persevere in the face of daily difficulties on their professional activity. Therefore this study aimed to identify the teachers’ perception of self-efficacy in elementary school. In this study ten teachers participated from a public school located in the west of Sao Paulo State. A collection of data was performed using a semi-structured interview that was analysed using the content analysis technique. From the findings, two categories of analyses was elaborated: classroom management and intentionality of teaching activities that include the following items: indiscipline control in the classroom, organizing the classroom, the ability to motivate and value education, the perception of a student’s progress, developing strategies to develop abilities to answer questions from the students. The perception of teaching self-efficacy beliefs was equally positive for the classroom management as for and in relation to intentionality of action. Despite the positive perception of the teacher, it is important to continue research on the discussion of the teaching self-efficacy to develop a better understanding on this subject.