Estudos dos impactos ambientais no Parque Estadual do Morro do Diabo mediante à análise historiográfica de Teodoro Sampaio – São Paulo

Abstract

Historically man always needed to provide by natural resources, in intention to maintain their own kind. However, in the name of that humanity polluted, deforested and devastated many territories without worrying about the consequences of their actions. Even now this Humanity still maintain such predatory practices. So to understand this causality relation, its effects and its consequences was chosen as study object Morro do Diabo State Park to make an analysis and production of human actions, damages and impacts historical temporality between 1941 and 2006 (65 years) which this research refers. Morro do Diabo State Park is located in the municipality of Teodoro Sampaio, São Paulo. It was founded within a Forest Reserve status on October, 29th, 1941, receiving the current title of State Park on June, 4th, 1986 and on June, 16th, 2002 by a Presidential Decree near its preservation areas was created ESEC - MLP (Mico-Leão-Preto Ecological Station).This work was built to give meaning and truth to one of its main objectives: periodize by comparative analysis human actions and their impacts caused since MDSP legalization. The hypothesis adopted in this study was the conception that human action causes direct interferences in the study object (MDSP). Through this, the survey was initially designed guided by the Bibliographical Research comparing the ideas and concepts of various authors, such as include: Arana e Almirante (2007), Instituto Florestal (2006), Leite (1998), Rezende (2014), Souza (2002), Vasques (1973), Verges (2013), and other more. With such ideas were built comparative analysis of human action and its consequences, configured the interference impacts or environmental damage, using graphs, tables and statistics of territorial losses (termed here as resulting territory). The study was supported by qualitative and quantitative and deductive methods because the interpretations started in the macro for micro concepts as well as in the construction of historical linearity. Preliminarily we can conclude that there was a gradual territorial loss of 9.31% corresponding to 3311.35 hectares along the 65 years which compound this survey, and among these the most devastating environmental damage was the implementation, construction and energy generation in Rosana Hydroelectric Plant, which took approximately 1944.06 hectares in absolute numbers around 5.53% of the total area. So we understand the great importance of this study, which was established as a contributor to the human action understanding on the anthropic action at the studied environment, because the man still fully exerts its influence generating territorial and local biodiversity loss.