Efeito da suplementação com l-arginina no peso corporal, hemograma e na produção das imunoglobulinas de ratos submetidos à quimioterapia

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with L-arginine, in different doses, on body weight, hemogram, production of IgA, IgG and IgM immunoglobulins and in the small bowel inflammatory process of Wistar rats subjected to chemotherapy. A total of 32 Rattus novergicus Wistar rats were randomly distributed in 4 groups (8 rats / group) with similar body weight: control group (CG), the rats were given ration and water; G5-FU was given ration, water and a dose of 5-FU; Garg295 + 5-FU and Garg458 + 5-FU were given, respectively, 295 mg and 458 mg of L-arginine, which was added to the water and a dose of 5-FU. 5-FU was applied after the adaptation period (day 7) in a single dose of 200 mg of 5-FU / kg body weight, intraperitoneally. The rats were weighed individually, always in the morning and without previous fasting, to determine the weight gain before and after the application of 5-FU. Four days after application of 5-FU, the rats were anesthetized with thionembutal, blood and small intestine samples were collected. Supplementation with 295 mg of L-arginine was shown to be beneficial in reducing body weight loss during treatment with the 5-FU chemotherapeutic. The concentration of platelets was lower (P <0.05) in the G5-FU and GArg458 + 5-FU groups, but similar between the GC and GArg295 + 5-FU groups. The total leukocyte concentration showed a significant reduction in the G5-FU, GArg295 + 5-FU and GArg458 + 5-FU groups when compared to the GC group, however, there was a significant reduction of neutrophils only in the G5-FU group. There was an increase (P <0.05) in fibrinogen concentration in the groups treated with L-arginine (GArg295 + 5-FU and GArg458 + 5-FU). In the GArg295 + 5-FU and GArg458 + 5FU groups, the serum IgA concentration increased significantly in relation to the G5-FU group. Rats supplemented with L-arginine had a minor inflammatory process in the small intestine. It was concluded that supplementation with 295 mg of L-arginine / day attenuated the immediate body weight loss of Wistar rats subjected to 5-FU chemotherapy and that daily supplementation with both 295 mg and 458 mg of L-arginine may ease some side effects of 5-FU such as thrombocytopenia, neutropenia and immunomodular production of IgA, in addition to reducing intestinal inflammatory processes.