Avaliação do epitélio pulmonar de camundongos submetidos à exposição aguda ao herbicida 2,4-D

Abstract

Introduction: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, is one of the most common and ancient herbicides in the world, presents toxicological classification I (extremely toxic) and classification of environmental hazard potential III (dangerous to the environment). Due to the large area of contact between the surface of the respiratory system and the environment, air quality directly interferes with respiratory health, causing an inflammatory response. Objective: To evaluate the histology of the pulmonary epithelium of mice submitted to acute exposure to the 2,4-D herbicide, using histochemical methods. Methods: 60 Swiss male males, divided into four groups, were subjected to acute exposure to the herbicide through two boxes connected to two ultrasonic nebulizers, which sprayed the herbicide with concentration and time recommended for each group. The animals were then euthanized and their lungs removed for analysis. Prism® version 5.6 was used to analyze the results. Normality was determined by the Shapiro-wilk test, to analyze the results of the total, marked, light and body weight areas. Anova was used for two factors (time and concentration), followed by Bonferroni a posteriori test. The values that presented p less than 5% (p <0.05) were considered significant. Results: The analysis of the marked area showed a significant change, more evident in the 48 hour exposure, the most important alteration being found, since the other analyzes did not present significant alteration in any aspect.Conclusion: The present study did not provide evidence of any acute adverse effects of 2,4-D in experimental models, but this result may be related to insufficient exposure time, since the effects on the lower respiratory tract, demonstrated in other studies, occurred in chronically exposed individuals.