A interdisciplinaridade no ensino de Arquitetura: análise a partir da disciplina de projeto arquitetônico

Abstract

The following dissertation is the result of a research promoted by the Master's Program in Education of the Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE) and the main objective is to analyze the proposal and the pedagogical didactic development of the subject Architectural Project, as a supporter of the interdisciplinary program, in an Architecture Graduation Course in a private institution located in the countryside of the State of Sao Paulo. This study is justified by the need of more punctual research on interdisciplinary teaching, in order to contribute to a better performance of the course, considering the National Curricular Guidelines of the undergraduate course of Architecture and Urbanism (2010), which states that the institutions should provide the student ways of achieving interdisciplinarity and new ways of combining theoretical and practical subjects. The research was developed as a qualitative approach, characterizing itself as a study of cases, being used on data collecting, semi-structured interviews of the people involved (students, teachers and course coordinator) and documentary analysis (Curricular Guidelines for the Undergraduate Degree Course in Architecture, Pedagogical Project of the Course and teaching plans for the discipline). The data which had been collected allowed the creation of five categories of analysis: The intentions and objectives of the discipline of Architectural Design; The transversality and interdisciplinarity on the discipline of Architectural Design; Interdisciplinarity materializing in action; Challenges and difficulties faced by students, teachers and coordination; Actions for interdisciplinarity. The results of the research revealed that: teaching a discipline does not foster interdisciplinarity; The documents analyzed (PPC and teaching plans of the subject) do not present proposals that surely provide interdisciplinary actions in the course; Teachers do not establish exchange of information and partnerships; The students notice the lack of encouragement for interdisciplinary practice and when they are performing the project they have a lot of trouble The institutional organization of the course does not encourage reflections and interdisciplinary propositions. We conclude that interdisciplinarity is not materialized on teaching the subject of Architectural Project under study. In order to make interdisciplinarity effective in the course, it is necessary to restructure the discipline so that it is set in an interdisciplinary way, as well as the reformulation of the PPC and the teaching plans of the disciplines so that the contents are related and lead to the discipline project. Besides that, it requires the involvement, communication and integration of teachers and students. It is believed that this study may lead discussions and reflections on the teaching of Architecture and interdisciplinarity, in order to contribute to the formation of future architects.