Polímeros como condicionadores de substrato em mudas associados a três lâminas de irrigação

Abstract

The objective of the project was to verify the use of synthetic hydro-seed polymers as soil conditioners together with the formation of pre-sprouted seedlings (MPB) of sugarcane. The research was conducted in the greenhouse of FATEC of Presidente Prudente - SP. The material studied was cultivar RB 86 7515. The substrate used was Bioplant®. The treatments consisted of eight doses (0; 1; 2; 3; 4; 8; 20; 40 g L-1) of a superabsorbent polymer (Hidrogel®), added to the substrate prior to filling the tubes. The sugarcane minirrebolos were heat treated and planted in trays, inside the greenhouse along with the substrate, being irrigated daily (15 mm per day). At 10 days, each pre-budded seedling was removed from the tray and placed in tubes (290 mL). At 31 days, the seedlings were transferred to full sun condition and submitted to three different daily irrigation slides (5, 10 and 15 mm), remaining in these conditions until the end of the experiment, totaling 60 days. It was considered the Factorial design, with eight treatments (dosages), three irrigation slides (5, 10, and 15 mm) and five replicates (seedlings in tubes), the means being compared by the Scott-Knott test (p <0, 05). Multiple regressions were performed using Microcal Origin software, with only those that presented significant "F" at 5%. Two types of analysis were carried out, one being destructive, where plants were sampled and conducted to the laboratory, and another one of non-destructive nature, in which the variables were obtained through surveys. It was found that the use of different doses of the polymer negatively affects the mass of the roots. The fresh mass of the aerial part was positively affected with the use of polymers, whereas the dry mass presented an inverse relation. The doses of 8 g L-1 and 20 g L-1 with irrigation of 15 mm presented better results for shoot production. The values of photosynthetic rate, CO2 concentration and stomatal conductance were affected by the treatments, and the dose of 4 g L-1, with the lowest irrigation level (5 mm), already presented differences. In relation to the water flow, it was observed that the irrigation slides and the polymer doses positively affected this parameter. The aerial parts and roots were positively affected by irrigation and negatively affected by the polymer.