Planejamento ambiental urbano: análise da arborização urbano em Presidente Prudente.

Abstract

The present research seeks to relate the importance of urban afforestation to improve the urban environment and quality of urban life of the citizen in the city of Presidente Prudente. Thus, the objective was to analyze the environmental benefits of urban afforestation and to propose planning fundamentals and to establish general criteria that improve its current condition. Thus, the methodological basis, analyzes were carried out to evaluate the conditions of urban afforestation. The diagnosis of tree species began in the understanding of the historical-temporal relationship of urban mesh expansion, produced through thematic maps using the cartographic methodology. The analysis comprised a temporal cut that began in 1987, following the years of 1996, 2006 and ending in 2017. The data obtained reveal how urban afforestation interacted negatively with the advance of the urban network. Then, for a more detailed evaluation, I carried out field research using surveys using the quadrants methodology, in 10 specific and diversified areas in the urban network. The inventoried tree individuals were tabulated in the following categories: Family, scientific name, common name, place of survey and quantity. The phytosanitary status of the species resulted in data indicating the quality of these species in the conditions of the inventoried areas. Regarding biodiversity, the results point to the predominance of 65% of native species and 35% of exotic species, although there is the biodiversity problem, where exotic and invasive tree species can affect the ecological balance, in this case the species found was Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) R de Wit., predominating in 2 of the 10 inventoried areas, indicating the lack of diversity in the bed of two urban streams of the city. Still in this context, we have the discussion of the planning and management of afforestation, an issue that requires actions and regulations for better future plans. Given this framework, he proposed to evaluate the urban afforestation and its environmental benefits. Finally, the recommendation that this research reveals, deals with how the proposal of the Urban Tree Stewardship Plan, for the city of Presidente Prudente can promote, in an orderly and effective way, the conduction of this theme. Both public authorities and the public should aim to attain this goal as a matter of priority.