Influência do alendronato sódico, da terapia fotodinâmica ou da associação de ambos como terapias adjuntas à raspagem e alisamento radicular no tratamento da periodontite experimental induzida. Estudo histoquímico em ratos

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of topical sodium alendronate (ALN), photodynamic therapy (aPDT) or a combination thereof as adjuvant to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of experimental periodontitis (EP) induced in rats. EP was induced in 96 rats with a ligature around the mandibular left first molar. After 7 days of induction, the ligature was removed, and the animals were treated according to the following experimental groups (n = 8): control - SRP plus saline solution; ALN - SRP plus ALN; aPDT - SRP plus methylene blue irrigation, followed by low-level laser therapy (LLLT); and ALN/aPDT - SRP plus ALN and methylene blue irrigation followed by LLLT. The animals were euthanized at 7, 15 and 30 days after the treatments. After the routine laboratory processing, the left molar was embedded in paraffin and 4 μm thick semi-serial sections were obtained in the mesio-distal direction. Some sections were subjected to histochemical reactions for picro Sirius red staining and analyzed under polarized light microscopy. Collagen maturation was evaluated, and data were analyzed statistically (p<0.05). At 7 days, Group ALN presented higher percentage of immature collagen fibers than Group ALN/aPDT. At 30 days, Group Control presented higher percentage of immature collagen fibers than Group ALN. At 7 days, Group ALN/aPDT presented higher percentage of mature collagen fibers than Group ALN. At 30 days, Group ALN presented higher percentage of mature collagen fibers than Group Control. Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that ALN coajuvant to SRP, alone or combined with aPDT, increased collagen fibers maturation in the initial and final stages of induced PE treatment in rats.