Comportamento cicatricial pós indução de diferentes formatos de feridas tratadas por segunda intenção com extrato de própolis

Abstract

Propolis demonstrates antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, healing, and analgesic effects, which are useful in wound healing. To evaluate secondary intention healing of wounds induced in different formats and treated with 35% propolis extract in rabbits. Six elliptical (E), circular (C), and square (Q) skin lesions were induced, three on the left side (control) receiving 0.9% sodium chloride solution and three on the right side (treated) receiving propolis extract 35%. The treatment was performed twice a week for 26 days, and morphological, morphometric, and histomorphometric evaluations of the epidermis was carried out. Pink staining predominated in both control and treated sides, however, there was yellowish staining (P˂0.001) for wounds E and C on day 5 and for Q on day 8; granulation was present in the control and treated wounds at 8 days for E and C, differing (P˂0.0001) from the other days, while for Q wounds, granulation was present from the 5th to 12th day, also differing (P˂0,0001) from the other days; edema occurred on the 5th day on the control side in wounds E (P˂0.038), C (P˂0.0160), and Q (P˂0.0018) differing from the other days and on the same day on the treated side only for wounds E (P˂0.0500); the presence of a crust was observed on both sides from 12 to 15 days, differing (P˂0.0001) from the other days, while local pain reduction (P˃0.05) for up to 5 days was found only in the treated wounds; there was retraction of control and treated wounds E (P = 0.1936), C (P = 0.5775), and Q (P˂0.001), with 100% for control C on day 19 and treated on day 26, as well as greater epithelialization and dermo-epidermal organization in the control wounds Q, E, and C (P˃0.05) respectively. We concluded that healing was earlier in circular wounds with greater dermo-epidermal organization, with no difference between control and treated, however, translated wounds presented less painful response at the site of injury, which is clinically relevant.