Atributos físicos, quimícos e biológicos de solo em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária na produção de soja com incidência de nematoides

Abstract

The demand for food and demographic expansion drive intensive management practices in agricultural areas, which often have negative impacts on natural resources, compromising soil conditions. Crop-livestock integration systems are alternatives for soil conservation management, supported by crop diversification with the potential to promote greater sustainable quality to the system. The objective of the work was to evaluate in an integrated way the chemical, physical and biological attributes of the soil in integrated crop-livestock systems, in addition to the effect on the control of the Pratylecnhus spp community. and Helicotylenchus spp. in soybeans, evaluation of non-phytoparasitic nematodes and soil macrofauna in sandy soils. The experiment was conducted for three years in the municipality of Caiuá/SP, in randomized blocks with three replications of treatments: Fallow CV: soybean (with soil disturbance); Fallow PD: soybeans (without soil disturbance); Ruziziensis: soybean - Urochloa ruziziensis; Brizantha: soybean – Urochloa brizantha. Integration systems with greater residue accumulation showed better performance for the evaluated attributes, as well as favoring the biological functions of non-phytoparasitic nematodes with a greater presence in these systems. The genus Pratylenchus spp, in the integrated system, had a greater quantity in the soybean root and at the same time greater productivity, this demonstrates the effectiveness that the management system can add to the soil and that the deleterious effect of phytonematodes was inferior to the benefits provided by integration, in addition to promoting greater quantity and diversity of soil macrofauna.