Colheita e Armazenamento de Sementes de Gabiroba (Campomanesia adamantium Camb.) e Implicações na Germinação

Abstract

Gabiroba, Campomanesia adamantium, is a Brazilian Cerrado species with high frequency in the inferior extracts (diameter <5cm). It produces a fruit largely appreciated and with commercial potential of exploration. It is not cultivated and because of that is threatened by the extractive exploitation what makes necessary the acquisition of knowledge concerning to the specie propagation. The objective of this work was the verification of the gabiroba seed behaviour in relation to the harvesting, storage and their implications in the germination. The fruits used for characterization were obtained from seven plants in four repetitions of twenty fruits per plant to measure fruit diameter; fresh matter of peel, pulp and seed mass; seed number, Brix degrees corrected to 20ºC and fresh seeds germination. For the storability studies three experiments were conducted as completely random with four repetitions per treatment. The first experiment was constituted by seeds without storage (S), hermetically stored in laboratory conditions (HL), hermetically stored in refrigerator (HG) and stored in a porous bag at laboratory environment during 30 days. In the second experiment, seeds were extracted from fruits and left in the air during five days, and each day was a treatment. In the third one, fruits were stored at environmental temperature, under refrigeration and freezed during 22 days. Treatments were evaluated by germination (25ºC), germination velocity index and moisture determination. Results showed that. the harvesting point, for seed obtaining, was at least with 15.75ºBrix. Gabiroba seed behaviour showed that this specie must be classified as recalcitrant by not supporting low temperatures and its low tolerance to desiccation; it was not possible to establish a way of seed conservation being indicated the sowing just after fruit harvesting.