Sistemas de produção integrados visando melhorar o ambiente de produção de soja no oeste paulista

Abstract

Soybean cultivation is extremely risky when you have soil conditions with low clay content, low water retention and irregular rains. Therefore maintenance of mulch can reduce the risks for the production of this culture so important for Brazilian agribusiness. Aiming at improving the qualities of the soil tillage system has been widely adopted in Brazil as having the benefit of maintaining ground cover, preservation or increase organic matter and improve the physical, chemical and biological soil. Within this context, the use of tropical forages in integrated crop and livestock farming livestock integration forest constitutes an excellent option for the production of straw and roots and thus improve the efficiency of water use in addition to improving the chemical characteristics and biological soil. This experiment consists of two chapters. Chapter I: Crop Rotations in different production systems to improve the environment of soybean cultivation in western São Paulo. Chapter II: Productivity of soybean in different positions between rows of eucalyptus in intercropping system. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area Campus II of the University of Western São Paulo in Presidente Prudente (SP) in an Ultisol, between May 2010 and March 2012. We tested five different systems in separate plots, with sizes ranging between 1.0 and 1.8 ha and a maximum distance of 500m between them. The systems were: 1) brachiaria / + Brachiaria eucalyptus / eucalyptus / soybean, 2) brachiaria / corn Brachiaria + / brachiaria / soybean, 3) peanut / brachiaria / soy / brachiaria / soybean; 4) Irrigated Pasture, 5) Witness pasture degraded. The results were submitted to analysis of variance, and means were subjected statistically by Tukey test at 5% probability.