Atributos químicos e físicos de solo cultivado com cana de açúcar, com e sem aplicação de vinhaça, colhida de forma manual e mecanizada, no Oeste Paulista

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate different management in the cultivation of sugar cane and possible changes in chemical and physical properties of an Alfisol Red Yellow. The experiment was carried out in 2012/2013 harvest in agricultural production area of a company located in the district of Ameliópolis in Presidente Prudente/SP. Areas were assessments made following completely randomized design in a 5x5 factorial design, characterized by four management systems applied to culture of sugar cane: Without Vinasse and No Burning, Without Vinasse and Burning, With Vinasse and Without Burning e With Vinasse and With Burning), plus native forest, in five soil sampling depths (0-10 10-20, 20-30, 30-40; 40-50 cm), with four replications. The native forest was used as a control to statement of changes in soil properties due to the application of managements cited. After collection, samples were transported to the laboratory soil analysis of UNOESTE for the determination of chemical and physical soil parameters, content of K (potassium), OCS (organic carbon in soil), SOM (organic matter in soil), TOCS (total organic carbon stock), Bd (bulk density), Pd (particle density), Tp (total porosity), and θs (saturation humidity) in the above referenced layers in sample undisturbed. The application of vinasse associated with the harvest without burning system increased the concentration of K in the soil layers up to 40 cm deep. The sandy texture of the soil enabled the movement of K in the profile. The managements did not increase SOM levels, OCS and TOC. Studied depths also no marked differences were observed. The Bd and Pd were not influenced by agricultural management and the depths sampled. The area managed in With Vinasse and Without Burning showed the highest θs at 0-10 and 10-20 cm depth compared with the other studied managements. The chemical and physical attributes evaluated within the respective managements should be evaluated over a longer period of time.