Uso de protocolos de IATF para aumentar a eficiência reprodutiva de gado de corte

Abstract

The technique of timed artificial insemination (TAI) can be used as a tool to optimize reproductive efficiency. Among the alternative protocols hormone, prostaglandin (PGF2α) and estradiol benzoate (EB) have been used frequently, or combined with progesterone and GnRH analogues. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of follicular diameter on the pregnancy rate using BE or GnRH on the placement of the implant of progesterone (D0) in beef cows divided into two groups: G-BE (n = 32) and G-GnRH (n = 29). The D0 was placed implant P4 (CIDR ®) and applied 2 ml of BE (G-BE) or 2.5 mL of GnRH (GnRH-G). In D9 the implant was removed, concomitant administration of 2.5 mL of 0.25 mL PGF2α and estradiol cypionate (ECP ®) followed by removal of calves. After 48 h all the cows were inseminated and the calves returned. At D0 and D9 was held ultrasound to measure the dominant follicle (DF) present in the ovary. There was no difference (p> 0.05) in pregnancy rate between treatments, BE (55%) and GnRH (41%), but the follicular diameter was significantly higher (p <0.05) in pregnant cows treated with EB (10.7 mm vs. 8.5 mm) and in cows treated with GnRH there was no difference (p> 0.05) between pregnant and empty (11.6 mm vs. 10.2 mm). We also evaluate the postpartum period (> or <45 days), the application of eCG or temporary removal of the calves (RTB) and the influence of genetic group on TAI. We used the 678 cows being: Nelore (n = 234), Nelore, Brahman (n = 159) and ¾ Nellore-Red Angus (n = 285) divided into G-Early (GP, n = 151) and G-Late (GT, n = 527). Again divided into GP-RTB (n = 93) and GT-RTB (n = 299), GP-eCG (n = 58) and GT-eCG (n = 228). The animals received CIDR ® + 2 mL of BE (D0). In D8, the device was removed and all groups received 2.5 mL PGF2α , and 1.5 mL eCG (GP-GT-eCG and eCG) or removal of calves (GP-GT-RTB and RTB). In D9 the animals received 1 mL BE and 24 hours after held IATF. The pregnancy rate did not change (p> 0.05), and 40% (GP) and 48% (GT). Also did not change (p> 0.05) in groups: GP-eCG (37.9%), GP-RTB (41.9%), GT-eCG (51.7%) and GT-RTB (45.1 %). The pregnancy rate in Nelore cows - Brahman (37%) was lower (p <0.05) than the Nellore (52%) and ¾ Nellore Red - Angus (45%). It was concluded that the use of GnRH in D0 does not improve pregnancy rate in cows in the postpartum period, even increasing follicular diameter, which females with less than 45 days postpartum are able to IATF, regardless of the use of eCG or RTB and race influence of mothers on pregnancy rate.