O paradigma anarquista e a experiência da educação libertária na Espanha e no Brasil

Abstract

This dissertation is part of the research line "Educational Institution: Organization and Management", of the Masters program at the University of Oeste Paulista, which covers investigations of the philosophical, political, social, psychosocial, cultural, technological and managerial aspects of educational institutions. This is a qualitative and exploraty research with a bibliographical and documentarian basis. Its study object are the foundations of proposed libertarian education constructed within the anarchist paradigm. More specifically it is an introductory study of the political principles, social fundamentals and concepts and education that organized the project libertarian education. In harmony there will be discussed the ideas of self-management and its implications in the formulation of the libertarian educational pedagogies and practices within the school education. Given the breadth and variety of anarchist ideals, it was decided to focus the analysis on how such questions were devised and implemented in the project and in the educational and pedagogical practices proposed by Francisco Ferrer y Guàrdia. It is important to problematize the distances and similarities between the idealized and the implemented in terms of society and educational projects. We work with a theory based on theoretical assumption that social relations are mediated by conflicts and contradictions as they crossed the struggle between classes, individuals and social groups, which debate around values, necessities and opposing and divergent interests. Its main objectives are: a) raise and present the main ideas, concepts and political principles that organize the anarchist ideology and base their projects of social and political organization; b) verify and present the principles and concepts that underlie and organize the ideas of libertarian education; c) investigate and present conceptions of anarchist self-management and its implications in the proposed pedagogy libertarian and self-management, d) study and present experiences of libertarian education held in Brazil and Spain. The procedures for textual analysis of the literature sources are in accordance with Minayo that guides for: 1. The initial reading of the material; 2. The extensive contact with the selected statements; 3. A detailed reading and distribution into themes; 4. thematic and conceptual analysis of the categories of initial analysis and those that arise in the course of work. We believe that our work will help to provide meaningful and reflective elements to develop knowledge about the social and historical construction of other senses, practices and possibilities for thinking about the idealizations and educational practices both past and present, as in their future projections.