A instituição escolar numa perspectiva democrática: um projeto em construção na educação básica

Abstract

Nowadays the Brazilian Education passes through a period of conflicts in all levels, but more specifically in the Basic Education. These conflicts are related to several problems like social disagreements in family, absence of educational work in group, lack of available sums of money for Education, increase and vulgarization of violence, among so many other factors, that have interfered directly in the work developed at scholl. The research itself justifies that, by giving importance to the question of the development of a democratical and participative school management, in which the most people who integrate the school have voices and participate of discussions and actions to minimize such problems. Involved by these perspectives, the research was based on two questions: Is it possible to develop a democratic management in a public school of Basic Education? Which is the way to be followed to this realization? The purpose of this study is to identify the main challenges faced by the manager team in a school of State Basic Education that compromise the development of the democratical participative management and, by means of this identification, to elaborate proposals which make possible the realization of a pedagogic work where all the involved people have a greater performance. The study was developed having as a basis the qualitative research, through the Study of Case in a school of the public system in a city of São Paulo State, focalizing the day by day of the manager team and all the challenges that compromise, in a relevant way, the taking of decisions in group. The instruments of the research were interviews with the managers, officials, students parents and teachers; observations; and a critical analysis of the School Quadrennial Management Plan (from 2007 to 2010). In that study was observed that the school has an acting school team, but only this participation isn t enough for the complete realization of the Democratic Management. The greatest problems verified at school were: teachers excessive absences, students indiscipline and insufficient time for a continued formation in work. A democratic and participative school is what the school team and the community s great majority have as aim. However, there is perception that this practice doesn t reach its plenitude by finding several obstacles. It is understood that the engagement to win such obstacles is all the citizens duty who want to act positively on the society and that the school is the main space where mentalities are build, being they democratic or not. At the end of the research came to the conclusion that there are possibilities of building a school where the management distinguishes by the democracy in its decisions. The division of tasks, the greatest compromising of all school team with the daily problems, and the disposability of more spaces for the continued formation in work are proposals that appear in this scenery and may have a positive result if can figure on the changing of the whole team s mentality.