Efeito de diferentes doses do 2,4 ácido diclorofenociacético (2,4-D) nos paramentos cardíacos em ratos machos Wistar

Abstract

Introduction: 2,4-Dichlorophenocycetic acid (2,4-D) has grown in consumption since 2001, being considered the most widely used herbicide in the residential market and the most widely used herbicide in the agricultural market. Considering a cardiotoxicity caused by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is of utmost importance since this herbicide is widely used in rice, coffee, sugar crops and other foods that are of global consumption and can cause significant damage. functional impairments. Objective: To evaluate the effect of nebulized feed intake with different doses of 2,4-D herbicide on the heart of Wistar rats. Methodology: Thirty three month old male albino Wistar rats (200 - 300g) were randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups: CG - control group (n = 10): received distilled water nebulized ration, GBC - low concentration group (n = 10): received pesticide nebulized feed with 3.71 x 10-3 grams of active ingredient per hectare (gia / ha), GAC - high concentration group (n = 10): received 9.28 pesticide nebulized feed x 10-3 grams of active ingredient per hectare (gia / ha). The rations were nebulized for 15 minutes every Monday and Thursday and made available to rats every Tuesday and Friday. The two herbicide concentrations were diluted in 10 ml of 0.9% saline. Blood samples were collected by intracardiac puncture, and after euthanasia, the heart of each animal was removed to evaluate histological changes, immunohistochemical analysis for inflammatory evaluation and apoptotic pathways and fractal dimension. Results: The main finding is that the use of nebulized diet with the herbicide 2,4-D in high long term concentrations promoted in cardiotoxicity evidenced by the increase of immunostaining for BAX, Bcl-2 and BAX / Bcl-2 ratio and also cytoplasmic and nuclear NF-kB in the left ventricle, without causing cardiac histological alteration and fractal dimension. Conclusion: Long-term oral use of the nebulized diet with the 2,4-D herbicide promoted cardiotoxicity in the group that received the highest dose of herbicide.