Alteração mutagênica em células da cavidade bucal em indivíduos obesos submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica – estudo longitudinal

Abstract

The aim was to analyze the mutagenicity of cells in the oral cavity in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. This longitudinal study evaluated the mutagenicity of cells through nuclear damage and alteration. Twenty-one obese patients (GO) were evaluated and reassessed after 6 months (GB) and 40 eutrophic patients (control group - CG). The paired t-tests, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon were used (p <0.05). There was a reduction in the presence of differentiated cells after bariatric surgery (p = 0.000), however with a higher number when compared to the CG (GO: p = 0.000; GB: p = 0.021). As regard nuclear changes, the presence of binucleated (p = 0.000), pycnotic (p = 0.000) and cariorrexis (p = 0.005) cells decreased after bariatric surgery. The CG, when compared to GO, presented fewer cells with nuclear alteration binucleated (p = 0.000) and cariorrexis (p = 0.000). Karyolitic cells (p = 0.000) and condensed chromatin (p = 0.002) increased after bariatric surgery. The presence of these karyolitic cells and with condensed chromatin was greater in the CG when compared to GO (p = 0.000 and p = 0.007 respectively). In relation to nuclear damage, the cell sprout (p = 0.000) and the micronucleus (p = 0.001) decreased after bariatric surgery and the means of this nuclear damage in the CG were lower in relation to GO (p = 0.000). It is concluded that obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery have a higher risk for the development of cellular mutagenicity than eutrophic patients, however this risk decreases after weight reduction caused by bariatric surgery