Contaminação por bactérias do grupo ESKAPE 2 em Ambulâncias do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Emergência (SAME) do município de Presidente Prudente – SP

Abstract

Material and method: Sterile swabs were used to collect the material before and after cleaning the ambulances. The swabs were vigorously rubbed at selected points, anonymously registered and transported to the UNOESTE Microbiology laboratory. The associated variables were recorded, including the number of calls within 30 days before sampling, existence of written cleaning protocols and availability of hydroalcoholic gel for hand hygiene. Semi-quantitative cultures were performed on Blood Agar with subsequent inoculation in BHI broth. Colony-forming units were evaluated using the GRAM technique and subcultured in selective media at 37° C for 48 hours. The isolates were identified using different biochemical tests to identify the bacteria of the E2SKAPE Group, species of Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter. Results: In the first collection, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter cloaceae were found in the pre- and post-sanitization. In the second collection, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloaceae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were isolated in the pre-sanitization, and in the post-sanitation Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloaceae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. We also observed, in the second collection, a decrease in the amount of bacteria in post-cleaning. Conclusion: Ambulance can be a potential reservoir for microbial transmission to patients and staff, however, with efficient cleaning we are able to reduce the presence of microorganisms. The need for constant improvement of cleaning techniques and materials is evident.