Condição bucal de pacientes obesos submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica: estudo longitudinal

Abstract

Aim: Evaluate the oral condition of obese patients submitted to bariatric surgery. Method: 22 obese patients (GI) were evaluated and reevaluated after 3 (G3M) and 6 months (G6M) of bariatric surgery on the subject of dental caries; periodontal disease; needs and use for dental prosthesis; tooth wear, salivary flow and salivary pH. The impact of oral health on life quality was verified. Friedman test and Spearman Correlation were applied (p <0.05). Results: The worst condition of dental caries was cavity in dentin for all periods evaluated (GI-36.4%; G3M-27.3%; G6M-45.5%) (p=0.907). In relation to periodontal disease, generalized gingival inflammation was present in 50% of patients in GI, 59.1% in G3M and 40.9% in G6M (p=0.476), and the frequency of periodontal attachment loss increased after bariatric surgery (GI: 22.7%, G3M: 27.3%, G6M: 31.8%) (p=0.374). Tooth wear was higher in the canines (p=0.011), with the worst condition in dentin (GI-86.4%, G3M-81.81% and G6M-90.9%). The salivary flow was 1.1±0.7 mL/min, 1.1±0.6 mL/min and 1.0±0.7 mL/min for GI, G3M and G6M, respectively (p=0.257). The salivary pH achieved normal conditions in most patients (p=0.724). Besides, most of them needed some kind of dental prosthesis (68.2%). The impact of oral health on life quality decreased after bariatric surgery (p=0.015), however it was correlated with the use of dental prosthesis (GI: r=0.530, p=0.011 and G3M: r=0.430, p=0.045). Conclusion: the oral condition remained the same in the periods evaluated; however, there was a decrease in the impact of oral health on life quality after bariatric surgery.