Perfil de pacientes com criptococose em hospital regional do interior de São Paulo

Abstract

Infections caused by Cryptococcus spp. they are opportunistic, urban and associated with immunosuppression. Mortality is estimated at 10% in developed countries and 43% in emerging ones. The objective was to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological aspects of cryptococcosis in the western region of São Paulo. This is a cross- sectional study, based on information from the medical records of patients in a hospital in the interior of São Paulo, from 2006 to 2018. Descriptive analysis was applied using absolute (n) and relative (%) frequency; and statistics using the x2 and Fisher's exact tests. Relative Risk (RR) and Odds Ratio (OD) for death were also calculated. Neurocryptococcosis was the main clinical manifestation in 64.50%. Direct investigation of CSF was positive in 85.71% of samples, immunodiagnosis in 93.80% and culture, the gold standard for fungus, in 55.55% of cases. The x2 test and Fisher's exact test showed no difference between sex, age, clinical form or death. RR and OD were considered low. The association of the epidemiological aspects of cryptococcosis with its clinical signs allows an early diagnosis of the disease, reducing the development of serious conditions. In addition, high- performance antiretroviral therapies have dramatically reduced the occurrence of deaths in patients with HIV.