Eficácia analgésica e anti-inflamatória do extrato de bromelina para ovariosalpingohisterectomia felina

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bromelain to control pain and inflammation in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy. In a prospective, clinical, placebo-controlled and masked study, 30 cats will be randomly distributed into two groups of 15 cats each, which will be treated orally with bromelain suspension (40 mg/kg; GB group) or placebo solution (0.1 mL/kg; GP group). Both treatments were administered 90 minutes before and 12 hours after surgery. For the surgical procedure the cats will be sedated with acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg) with meperidine (5 mg/kg) administered intramuscularly (IM). Anesthesia will be induced with propofol dose effect and maintained with isoflurane/O2. Postoperative pain, sedation and inflammation were assessed preoperatively and 24 hours after the tracheal extubation Rescue analgesia (morphine, 0.2 mg kg−1) IM was administered in cases of insufficient analgesia. Blood count, serum biochemistry, fecal occult blood and protrombin time were analyzed 12 hours prior to and 24 hours after surgery. Data was analyzed using Student´s t test, Fisher´s exact test, ANOVA followed by a Tukey´s test, Mann-Whitney and Friedman test (p < 0.05). Pain, sedation and inflammation scores did not differ between groups. Rescue analgesia was given in 33.3% and 53.3% of the cats in the GB and GP, respectively. Fecal occult blood was recorded in 26.6% e 6.6% of the cats in the GB and GP, respectivamente (p = 0.32), whereas protrobin time dod not differ between groups and over time. Renal metabolites and hepatic enzymes were decreased after bromelain treatment. Creatinine and gama gutamyl transferase plasmatic levels were decreased at 24 hours in the GB compared to the GP treatment (p = 0.005- 0.0001). Bromelain was comparable to placebo in terms of analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. The metabolic and enzymatic changes provided by bromelain suggest the activation of hepatic and renal function.