Impacto das culturas de vigilância nos padrões de utilização de antibacterianos em uma unidade de terapia intensiva adulto.

Abstract

Infections related to health care are considered a major global problem, as in addition to burdening health services, it increases hospital morbidity and mortality rates. The use of surveillance cultures to identify microorganisms with pathogenic potential in hospital environments, especially in sectors that care for patients in situations of support or vulnerability. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of surveillance cultures in an adult ICU of a teaching hospital, tracing the profile of microorganisms in the unit, correlated with the defined daily antibiotic dose, evaluating the antimicrobial resistance profile, in two periods: before the implementation of the surveillance culture collection routine in the service, in 2015 (Group A) and after the implementation of this routine between 2020 and 2021 (Group B). The statistical analysis of the correlation with the defined antibiotic dose was performed considering a significance level <0.05. Clinical data were obtained from hospital records. The results showed that in group A there were 18 patients and in group B 194 patients with multidrug-resistant microorganisms, with a predominance of K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii. In the analysis of the DDD, no differences were detected in the RDA (recommended daily dose) before and after the establishment of the surveillance system (p = 0.4824). This study emphasizes that patients with multidrug-resistant microorganisms are a major public health problem, where the increased prevalence of these infections may be related to the long stay in hospital environments.