Design Thinking como método de formação de administradores: uma proposta de ensino e de aprendizagem

Abstract

This study is part of the line of research "Training and performance of teaching professionals and educational practices", of the Postgraduate Program in Education (PPGE) at the Universidade do Oeste Paulista (Unoeste), and defends the thesis that Design Thinking emerges as an approach that stands out in the problem-solving process, aiming to enhance student learning and prepare them for the challenges of the business world, emphasizing the importance of prototyping, implementing, testing and constantly learning. The general objective of this research was to analyze the contributions of using the Design Thinking methodology in the training of administrators. Design Thinking is an approach that provides a new way of thinking and approaching problems. In this investigate, it was applied to reformulating the production layout and analyzing costs and pricing of products, placing the student at the center of the solution and promoting the teaching and learning process. The research is justified by delving deeper into the essence of Design Thinking, emphasizing the collective process of thinking, which is recommended by the methodology. Furthermore, it stands out for working with values and promoting the development of knowledge, skills and attitudes beyond the traditional learning of content and ready-made answers. In the study, the themes "active learning methods", "Design Thinking" and " “Management course" were articulated. By taking part on the survey, 19 students from the Management course enrolled in the subjects of Cost Management (3rd term) in the 2nd Semester of 2022 and Production and Operations Planning (4th term) in the 1st Semester of 2023, in addition to 1 professor of the Planning subject of Production and Operations. The methodology adopted was based on qualitative research, with an exploratory descriptive design. Data collection instruments included bibliographical research, participant observation, questionnaires and application of Design Thinking strategies. The structured and interactive process of Design Thinking enabled students to understand the needs of the interested party and create viable solutions. The prototypes developed were effective and consistent, the result of prototyping sessions and continuous refinement. Its implementation improved production processes and operations, increasing efficiency and productivity, while offering a more accurate view of the financial aspects involved. This continuous learning method encouraged the development of the ability to adapt to challenges, promoting more active, collaborative and creative participation. Furthermore, it encouraged the improvement of fundamental skills such as empathy, creative thinking, problem solving and teamwork. Finally, we propose the creation of a more concise script with 12 strategies for the Management course, aiming to improve the efficiency of the process. This approach will simplify and formalize our theoretical and practical contribution, adding scientific relevance to the study.