Consequências da regularização edilícia: estudo de caso em regiões administrativas do Distrito Federal

Abstract

The growing urbanization in the Federal District (DF), driven by the regularization of informal areas, raises concerns about soil impermeabilization and its socio-environmental impacts. This study aims to fill the gap in research that analyzes the relationship between building regularization and its mitigating potential on soil impermeabilization, focusing on three administrative regions of the DF: Vicente Pires, Jardim Botânico, and Sol Nascente. Using a mixed-method approach, combining geospatial, socio-economic data and records of "Habite-se" emission, the research analyzed the variation in impermeabilization across different occupation scenarios. The results revealed that land and urban regularization, despite its benefits, may have contributed to the increase in soil impermeabilization, particularly in high-income areas such as Jardim Botânico, where the impermeabilization rate in regularized areas increased from 45.58% in 2016 to 61.22% in 2023. Conversely, building regularization showed potential to mitigate these impacts, especially when combined with sustainable measures and the resumption of stricter water management requirements, such as those present in Complementary Law nº 929/2017 before its flexibilization. To this end, the research investigated the effects of the flexibilization of this law, which reduced the requirements for the installation of drainage systems in regularized areas, and discussed the challenges and opportunities for achieving more sustainable urban development in the DF. Based on the results, the study proposes recommendations for improving legislation and public policies that encourage sustainable construction practices, aiming to minimize the impacts of soil impermeabilization and promote efficient water management, taking into account the particularities of each region and integrating building regularization with other sustainable urban development policies.