Alimentos funcionais: revisões sistemáticas de estudos in vitro

Abstract

Functional foods, resveratrol and omega-3, have shown beneficial effects in in vitro studies on cells of joint disease, osteoarthritis, and gynecological disease, leiomyoma. This doctoral thesis aimed to carry out systematic reviews of in vitro assays, aiming to increase the level of evidence about the effects of resveratrol on markers of cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis, markers indicating osteoarthritis and effects of omega-3 fractions, EPA and DHA, on the lipid profile, membrane, architecture and gene expression patterns of extracellular matrix components, mechanical signaling, sterol regulatory molecules and mitochondrial enzyme in leiomyoma cells. The searches were carried out in the electronic scientific databases PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science and Scielo in December 2023, available on the Internet. In the systematic review on osteoarthritis, the keywords resveratrol and osteoarthritis were used, which are accepted as Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), without restriction on dates, language of publication or category, including full articles, abstracts and book chapters. The data were organized in the database and coded for the analyses. RevMan 5.4 software was used to perform the meta-analysis calculations where heterogeneity was calculated using the Q2 and I2 test, significance was defined as p<0.10 or I2>50%; the value of P<0.05 was adopted as statistically significant. The results demonstrated that resveratrol administration reduced the levels of CASPE3, MMP13 expression and MMP13 mRNA expression, suggesting that this polyphenolic can be used in the prevention or treatment of osteoarthritis. In the article on the use of functional food, omega-3 fractions, EPA and DHA, in the lipid profile, membrane, architecture and gene expression patterns of extracellular matrix components, mechanical signaling, sterol regulatory molecules and mitochondrial enzyme in leiomyoma cells. The searches were carried out in the electronic scientific databases in August 2024, available on the Internet. For the searches, the keywords “Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids”, “eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)”, “docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)” and “uterine leiomyoma” will be used, which are accepted as descriptors, including full articles, abstracts and book chapters. The eligibility, data extraction and quality assessment of the studies and risk of bias steps will be carried out independently by two researchers and a third will be called in case of doubts using the Rayyan selection platform. The effects of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) omega-3 fatty acids exerted beneficial effects on the lipid profile, membrane, architecture and gene expression patterns of extracellular matrix components, mechanical signaling, sterol regulatory molecules and mitochondrial enzyme in leiomyoma cells. It is concluded that intervention with EPA and DHA appears to be beneficial and a promising treatment in leiomyoma, but further studies are needed in order to increase the level of evidence for this intervention.