Biomaterial inovador à base de zinco, látex e plaquetas: uma estratégia promissora contra Staphylococcus aureus em Medicina Veterinária

Abstract

Infections caused by S. aureus represent a significant challenge in clinical practice and tissue repair, mainly due to the increasing resistance to commonly used antibiotics, particularly observed in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) compared to methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). In this context, the study of biomaterials with antimicrobial potential and applicability in wound healing becomes essential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of a multifunctional biomaterial, composed of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), zinc oxide nanoparticles, and a latex membrane against S. aureus. This is an in vitro experimental study. Five groups were analyzed: (1) control, (2) latex membrane impregnated with zinc oxide, (3) platelet-rich fibrin, (4) latex membrane impregnated with zinc oxide associated with platelet-rich fibrin, and (5) zinc oxide nanoparticles. The analyses included total bacterial count, number of bacterial generations, generation time, and growth reduction after 24 hours. The results demonstrated that zinc oxide alone showed the greatest reduction in bacterial growth for both MRSA and MSSA (p < 0.05), followed by the latex membrane impregnated with zinc oxide, either alone or associated with platelet-rich fibrin, while platelet-rich fibrin alone did not demonstrate antibacterial activity. It is concluded that zinc oxide exhibited the highest antibacterial potential. However, all evaluated biomaterials present beneficial characteristics for application in wound healing, making the proposed combination a biomaterial of great interest. Further in vivo studies are required to confirm its clinical efficacy.