AVALIAÇÃO DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL E DOS ASPECTOS EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS DA SÍFILIS CONGÊNITA E DA SÍFILIS EM GESTANTES NA REGIÃO DO PONTAL DO PARANAPANEMA

Abstract

Syphilis is an old sexually transmissible disease, with rising prevalence in Brazil. Considering socioeconomic, cultural and environmental aspects of Pontal do Paranapanema in São Paulo state, the present study aimed to evaluate the distribution of Syphilis in Pregnancy (SP) and Congenital Syphilis (CS) in the cities of this region of Pontal do Paranapanema and its vulnerability on the incidence of this disease from 2007 to 2013, as well as identify endemics regions and related factors. This research was performed in 4 stages: 1) data collection about cases of SP and CS and characteristics of individuals, from Sistema Nacional de Agravos e Notificação (SINAN); 2) Statistical analysis for comparison between incidence of SP and CS in Pontal do Paranapanema and Sao Paulo, using the T test (R software); 3) production of thematic maps using the SIG software; 4) identification the of endemic foci for SP and CS. Were identified 80 cases of SP and 61 cases of CS in the Pontal do Paranapanema. Cases of SP were statistically lower in Pontal in comparison to Sao Paulo; CS presented higher incidence in Pontal than Sao Paulo in 2007. Higher number of cases of SP and CS was observed during periods with higher temperature (summer and late spring) suggesting a seasonality of notifications of cases of syphilis. The production of thematic graphs enabled the identification of regions of SP underreporting in the Pontal cities. The situation of syphilis treatment in Brazil is preoccupying, being necessary production of studies with pregnant woman and newborn stricken by this infection, once that the underreporting of cases is high. Facing that the present data can guide posteriors health actions at the region, in order to improve the habitants wellbeing, economy costs with treatment, as well as increasing of regional development indicators, once that can help to decrease rates of infant mortality.